Keywords
Premenstrual Syndrome
Preventive behavior
Female Students
Preventive behavior
Female Students
Abstract
Context: Premenstrual syndrome is one of the common menstrual disorders in adolescents. Considering the destructive effects of this syndrome on adolescents’ activity and performance and the importance of epidemiological studies in designing preventive interventions,
Aims: this study aimed to determine some of the factors associated with the prevention of premenstrual syndrome among adolescents.
Settings and Design: In a cross-sectional study, 255 female high school students in Tehran were selected using multistage random sampling method.
Methods and Material: The data were collected using a demographic and background questionnaire and a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess preventive behaviors of premenstrual syndrome.
Statistical analysis used: The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and descriptive statistics and logistic regression.
Results: The mean (SD) score of adoption of preventive behaviors of premenstrual syndrome was 19.25 (0.63) out of 50, and it was low. Also, weekly physical activity, mother education level, and family income were the factors affecting the adoption of preventive behaviors of premenstrual syndrome (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Due to the low adoption of preventive behaviors among students with lower income families, students with less physical activity and students with mothers with lower levels of education, it is suggested that more attention be paid to the above students in designing educational programs to promote the prevention of premenstrual syndrome.
Keywords: Premenstrual Syndrome, Preventive behavior, Female Students
References
References:
1. Masoumi SZ, shayan A, Shobeiri F, Roshanaei G, Khanialamooti M. The Effect of Training Premenstrual Coping Skills in Undergraduate Students in the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan-Iran. PCNM 2017; 7(1): 44-51.
2. Zare H, Taraj S. The effect of premenstrual syndromes on the function of short-term, long-term and provident memory of afflicted women. IJOGI. 2009; 12(3): 1-8.
3. Kiani asiabar A, heydari M, Mohamaditabar S, et al. The prevalence, signs, symptoms and risk factors of premenstrual syndrome in women. Daneshvar 2009; 16(81): 45-54.
4. Berek JS, Novak E. Berek and Novak's gynecology 14th Edition Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins. 2007.
5. Khalilipour M, Panahi R. Effect of Education on Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Premenstrual Syndrome in Female Adolecents: Health Belief Model Application. J Educ Community Health. 2017; 4(2): 44-54.
6. Nisar N, Zehra N, Haider G, Munir AA, Sohoo NA. Frequency, intensity and impact of premenstrual syndrome in medical students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons-Pakistan. 2008; 18(8): 481-4.
7. Armand A, Talaei A. Investigating the Efficacy of Cognitive- Behavioral Stress-Management Training on Decreasing the Psychological Problems and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome of Afflicted Women. IJOGI 2012; 15(21): 24-31.
8. Direkvand Moghadam A, Kaikhavani S, Sayehmiri K. The Worldwide Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. IJOGI 2013; 16(65): 8-17. (Persian)
9. Wittchen HU, Becker E, Lieb R, Krause P. Prevalence, incidence and stability of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in the community. Psychological Medicine 2002; 32(1): 119-32.
10. Ahmadi F, Naghizadeh M M, Direkvand-Moghadam A, Mohamadian F, Ghazanfari Z. A Study on Premenstrual Syndromes of High School girl-students in Ilam City (western Iran), 2015. sjimu. 2018; 26(1): 154-163.
11. Bakhshani N, Hasanzadeh Z, Raghibi M. Prevalence of premenstrual symptoms and premenstrual dysphoric disorder among adolescents students of Zahedan. ZJRMS 2011; 13(7): 29-34. (Persian)
12. Moradi G, Rahimzadeh A, Amani S, Yousefi J, Rahmani K, Bagheri S. Barriers and Strategies of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in High School Students in Sanandaj. J Educ Community Health. 2018; 5(2): 18-2.5
13. Panahi R, Yekefallah L, Shafaei M, Dehghankar L, Anbari M, Hosseini N, Hasannia E. Effect of health literacy among students on the adoption of osteoporosis-preventive behaviors in Iran. J Edu Health Promot. 2020; 9: 191.
14. Panahi R, Namdar P, Siboni FS, Fallah S, Anbari M, Dehghankar L, et al. Association between health literacy and adopting preventive behaviors of breast cancer in Iran. J Edu Health Promot. 2020; 9: 241.
15. Panahi R, Osmani F, Javanmardi K, Ramezankhani A, Dehghankar L, Roohola Amini, et al. The relationship between different levels of Health Literacy and smoking prevention among Medical sciences student. IJPM. 2021 (In Press).
16. Panahi R, Ramezankhani A, Tavousi M, Osmani F, Niknami SH. Knowledge and Attitude of Dormitory Students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences about Smoking in 2016. HEHP 2016; 4(1): 51-61.
17. Morowatisharifabad MA, Panahi P, Ramazankhani A, Falahzadeh H, Mirzaei Alavijeh M. The Survey of knowledge, attitude and chewing gum status of 15 years old and older in Karaj city Regarding health Effects of chewing Gum. TB 2014; 12(4): 125-33. (Persian)
18. Gharlipour Z, Hazavehei SM, Moeini B, Nazari M, Moghimbeygi A. Effectiveness of educational program on promotion of smoking preventive behaviors in adolescences. Health Syst Res 2013; 9(4): 354-61.
19. Panahi R, Ramezankhani A, Anbari M, Javanmardi K. Adoption of smoking preventive behaviors and its related factors among dormitory students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran-2016. Journal of Health in the Field. 2020; 8(1): 22-31.
20. Peyman N, Amani M, Esmaily H. The Relationship Between Health Literacy and the Theory of Planned Behavior on breast cancer screening programs among rural women in Roshtkhar, Iran 2015. Iranian Journal of Breast Disease. 2016; 9(3): 60-69.
21. Farshbaf Khalili A, Rezaie-chamani S, Seidi S, Ziyadi S. Preventive Behaviors Related to Women's Genital Tract Infections. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016; 26 (3): 74-85.
22. Ghaffari F, Fotokian Z, Mazloom SR. The effect of regular group exercise program on self-esteem of nursing students. JBUMS. 2007; 9(1): 52-57.
23. Safavi Naeini K. The comparison between aerobic and physical exercises effects on PMS of women in Shiraz. MEDICAL SCIENCES. 2008; 18(3): 177-180.
24. Masho SW, Adera T, South-Paul J. Obesity as a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome. Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology. 2005; 26(1): 33-9.
25. Hooley M, Skouteris H, Boganin C, Satur J, Kilpatrick N. Parental influence and the development of dental caries in children aged 0-6 years: a systematic review of the literature. J Dent 2012; 40(11): 873-85.
26. Panahi R, Dehghankar L, Hosseini N, Hasania E. Factors Related to Adoption of Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors among Females' High School Students; a Case Study of Qazvin City. J Educ Community Health. 2020; 7(2): 105-12.
27. Etehadnezhad S, Moradi Z, Kashfi SM, Khani‐Jeihooni A, khiyali Z. Predictors of osteoporosis preventive behaviors among women: an application of the transtheoretical model. J Educ Community Health. 2018; 5(3): 48‐56. [Persian]
28. Kumar G, Kumar Singh D, Jalaluddin MD, Dileep CL, Rout P, Mohanty R. Oral Health of Pre-School Aged Children in Dhanbad District, Jharkhand, India-A Peek into their Mothers Attitude. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(9): 2060-2026.
29. Menshadi F, Azari A, Kouhpayehzadeh J, Ghasemi M. Knowledge, attitude and practice of osteoporosis among a group of Iranian adolescent females (2007). J Mod Rehibilit. 2009; 2(3 and 4):47‐54. [Persian]
30. Rabiei L, Masoodi R, Shirani M. Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Mothers Visiting Dental Clinics in Isfahan about Two-Five-Year-Old Children’s Dental Care. Nvj 2015; 2(4): 55-64. (Persian)
31. Khani Jeihooni A, Heidarnia AR, Kaveh MH, Hajizadeh E, Gholami T. Survey of osteoporosis preventive behaviors among women in Fasa: The application of the health belief model and social cognitive theory. Iran South Med J. 2016; 19(1):48‐62. [Persian]
32. Dadvandi M, Navaie nezhad SH, Lotfi kashani F. The effect of group instruction on decreasing the symptom of premenstrual syndrome. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity Tehran Medical Branch. 2011; 21(2): 114-20. (Persian)
33. Armand A, Talaee A. The effect of stress management on decreasing the psychological problems and symptoms of premestural syndrom. Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012; 15(21): 24-31. (Persian)
34. Antai A, Udezi A, Ekanem E, Okon U, Umoiyoho A. Premenstrual syndrome prevalence in students of the university of calabar, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2004; 7: 45-50.
35. Hajikarimbaba M, Panahi R, Dehghankar L. Associated Factors with Adopting Preventive Behaviors for Breast Cancer in Iran. Arch Breast Cancer. 2020; 7(1): 37-43.
1. Masoumi SZ, shayan A, Shobeiri F, Roshanaei G, Khanialamooti M. The Effect of Training Premenstrual Coping Skills in Undergraduate Students in the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan-Iran. PCNM 2017; 7(1): 44-51.
2. Zare H, Taraj S. The effect of premenstrual syndromes on the function of short-term, long-term and provident memory of afflicted women. IJOGI. 2009; 12(3): 1-8.
3. Kiani asiabar A, heydari M, Mohamaditabar S, et al. The prevalence, signs, symptoms and risk factors of premenstrual syndrome in women. Daneshvar 2009; 16(81): 45-54.
4. Berek JS, Novak E. Berek and Novak's gynecology 14th Edition Lippincott: Williams & Wilkins. 2007.
5. Khalilipour M, Panahi R. Effect of Education on Promoting Preventive Behaviors of Premenstrual Syndrome in Female Adolecents: Health Belief Model Application. J Educ Community Health. 2017; 4(2): 44-54.
6. Nisar N, Zehra N, Haider G, Munir AA, Sohoo NA. Frequency, intensity and impact of premenstrual syndrome in medical students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons-Pakistan. 2008; 18(8): 481-4.
7. Armand A, Talaei A. Investigating the Efficacy of Cognitive- Behavioral Stress-Management Training on Decreasing the Psychological Problems and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome of Afflicted Women. IJOGI 2012; 15(21): 24-31.
8. Direkvand Moghadam A, Kaikhavani S, Sayehmiri K. The Worldwide Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study. IJOGI 2013; 16(65): 8-17. (Persian)
9. Wittchen HU, Becker E, Lieb R, Krause P. Prevalence, incidence and stability of premenstrual dysphoric disorder in the community. Psychological Medicine 2002; 32(1): 119-32.
10. Ahmadi F, Naghizadeh M M, Direkvand-Moghadam A, Mohamadian F, Ghazanfari Z. A Study on Premenstrual Syndromes of High School girl-students in Ilam City (western Iran), 2015. sjimu. 2018; 26(1): 154-163.
11. Bakhshani N, Hasanzadeh Z, Raghibi M. Prevalence of premenstrual symptoms and premenstrual dysphoric disorder among adolescents students of Zahedan. ZJRMS 2011; 13(7): 29-34. (Persian)
12. Moradi G, Rahimzadeh A, Amani S, Yousefi J, Rahmani K, Bagheri S. Barriers and Strategies of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in High School Students in Sanandaj. J Educ Community Health. 2018; 5(2): 18-2.5
13. Panahi R, Yekefallah L, Shafaei M, Dehghankar L, Anbari M, Hosseini N, Hasannia E. Effect of health literacy among students on the adoption of osteoporosis-preventive behaviors in Iran. J Edu Health Promot. 2020; 9: 191.
14. Panahi R, Namdar P, Siboni FS, Fallah S, Anbari M, Dehghankar L, et al. Association between health literacy and adopting preventive behaviors of breast cancer in Iran. J Edu Health Promot. 2020; 9: 241.
15. Panahi R, Osmani F, Javanmardi K, Ramezankhani A, Dehghankar L, Roohola Amini, et al. The relationship between different levels of Health Literacy and smoking prevention among Medical sciences student. IJPM. 2021 (In Press).
16. Panahi R, Ramezankhani A, Tavousi M, Osmani F, Niknami SH. Knowledge and Attitude of Dormitory Students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences about Smoking in 2016. HEHP 2016; 4(1): 51-61.
17. Morowatisharifabad MA, Panahi P, Ramazankhani A, Falahzadeh H, Mirzaei Alavijeh M. The Survey of knowledge, attitude and chewing gum status of 15 years old and older in Karaj city Regarding health Effects of chewing Gum. TB 2014; 12(4): 125-33. (Persian)
18. Gharlipour Z, Hazavehei SM, Moeini B, Nazari M, Moghimbeygi A. Effectiveness of educational program on promotion of smoking preventive behaviors in adolescences. Health Syst Res 2013; 9(4): 354-61.
19. Panahi R, Ramezankhani A, Anbari M, Javanmardi K. Adoption of smoking preventive behaviors and its related factors among dormitory students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran-2016. Journal of Health in the Field. 2020; 8(1): 22-31.
20. Peyman N, Amani M, Esmaily H. The Relationship Between Health Literacy and the Theory of Planned Behavior on breast cancer screening programs among rural women in Roshtkhar, Iran 2015. Iranian Journal of Breast Disease. 2016; 9(3): 60-69.
21. Farshbaf Khalili A, Rezaie-chamani S, Seidi S, Ziyadi S. Preventive Behaviors Related to Women's Genital Tract Infections. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016; 26 (3): 74-85.
22. Ghaffari F, Fotokian Z, Mazloom SR. The effect of regular group exercise program on self-esteem of nursing students. JBUMS. 2007; 9(1): 52-57.
23. Safavi Naeini K. The comparison between aerobic and physical exercises effects on PMS of women in Shiraz. MEDICAL SCIENCES. 2008; 18(3): 177-180.
24. Masho SW, Adera T, South-Paul J. Obesity as a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome. Journal of psychosomatic obstetrics and gynaecology. 2005; 26(1): 33-9.
25. Hooley M, Skouteris H, Boganin C, Satur J, Kilpatrick N. Parental influence and the development of dental caries in children aged 0-6 years: a systematic review of the literature. J Dent 2012; 40(11): 873-85.
26. Panahi R, Dehghankar L, Hosseini N, Hasania E. Factors Related to Adoption of Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors among Females' High School Students; a Case Study of Qazvin City. J Educ Community Health. 2020; 7(2): 105-12.
27. Etehadnezhad S, Moradi Z, Kashfi SM, Khani‐Jeihooni A, khiyali Z. Predictors of osteoporosis preventive behaviors among women: an application of the transtheoretical model. J Educ Community Health. 2018; 5(3): 48‐56. [Persian]
28. Kumar G, Kumar Singh D, Jalaluddin MD, Dileep CL, Rout P, Mohanty R. Oral Health of Pre-School Aged Children in Dhanbad District, Jharkhand, India-A Peek into their Mothers Attitude. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7(9): 2060-2026.
29. Menshadi F, Azari A, Kouhpayehzadeh J, Ghasemi M. Knowledge, attitude and practice of osteoporosis among a group of Iranian adolescent females (2007). J Mod Rehibilit. 2009; 2(3 and 4):47‐54. [Persian]
30. Rabiei L, Masoodi R, Shirani M. Evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Mothers Visiting Dental Clinics in Isfahan about Two-Five-Year-Old Children’s Dental Care. Nvj 2015; 2(4): 55-64. (Persian)
31. Khani Jeihooni A, Heidarnia AR, Kaveh MH, Hajizadeh E, Gholami T. Survey of osteoporosis preventive behaviors among women in Fasa: The application of the health belief model and social cognitive theory. Iran South Med J. 2016; 19(1):48‐62. [Persian]
32. Dadvandi M, Navaie nezhad SH, Lotfi kashani F. The effect of group instruction on decreasing the symptom of premenstrual syndrome. Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity Tehran Medical Branch. 2011; 21(2): 114-20. (Persian)
33. Armand A, Talaee A. The effect of stress management on decreasing the psychological problems and symptoms of premestural syndrom. Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility. 2012; 15(21): 24-31. (Persian)
34. Antai A, Udezi A, Ekanem E, Okon U, Umoiyoho A. Premenstrual syndrome prevalence in students of the university of calabar, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2004; 7: 45-50.
35. Hajikarimbaba M, Panahi R, Dehghankar L. Associated Factors with Adopting Preventive Behaviors for Breast Cancer in Iran. Arch Breast Cancer. 2020; 7(1): 37-43.