Keywords
women; sexual function; quality of sexual life
Abstract
Introduction: Considering the high prevalence of sexual dysfunction among women and the role of quality of sexual life in women's life and health, in addition to the important role of sexual function evaluation in measuring quality of life, this study aimed to determine the effect of female sexual function on the quality of sexual life.
Material and Methods: This research was a descriptive and cross-sectional. The population of this study was 420 women from Qazvin in 2020, who were selected by multi-stage sampling. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire and Persian version of the Female Sexual Function Assessment questionnaire (FSFI) and Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaire (SQOL-F). Data were analyzed using SPSS 23, and descriptive statistics and logistic regression were applied.
Results: The mean (SD) of sexual function score (83.4) was 56.21 out of 36, therefore, it was at an unfavorable level. Also, the mean (SD) score of sexual quality of life (21.19) was 71.59 out of 108 (moderate). The results of logistic regression test showed that the variables of sexual function, age and level of education of women were the factors affecting the quality of women's sexual life (p <0.05).
Conclusions: Young women with lower sexual function, and lower level of education had lower quality of sexual life. Hence, it is necessary to pay more attention to these women in designing educational programs for improving the quality of their sexual life.
References
References
1. Nezal AJ , Samii Rad F , Kalhor M , hasanpour K , Alipour M , Montazeri A. Sexual quality of life in pregnant women: A cross sectional study. Journal of the Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research 2019؛ 17(4):421-429.(Persian)
2. Setoudeh S, Motaghi M, Mosavi M. Survey of sexual satisfaction in women referred to public health centers of Mashhad in 2017. Journal of sabzevar university of medical sciences 2019 ؛ 26(1) :73 -80. .(Persian)
3. Birnbaum GE. Attachment orientations, sexual functioning, and relationship satisfaction in a community sample of women. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 2007;24(1):21-35. DOI: 10.1177/0265407507072576.
4. Ahmadnia E, Haseli A, Karamat A. Therapeutic Interventions Conducted on Improving Women’s Sexual Satisfaction and Function during Reproductive Ages in Iran: A Systematic Review. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2017; 27 (153) :146-162.(Persian)
5. Masoumi S.Z, Alavipour N, Parsa P, Kazemi F. Demographic Factors Affecting Sexual Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Women. Iran Journal of Education and Community Health. 2020; 7(1): 5-12 (Persian)
6. Hajnasiri H, Aslanbeygi N, Moafi F, Mafi M, Bajalan Z. Investigating the Relationship between Sexual Function and Mental Health in Pregnant Females. IJPN. 2018; 6 (2) :33-40. [Persian]
7. Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek -afzali H, Abedini M. Sexual dysfunction and its influencing factors: population -based study among women living in urban areas in four provinces. Payesh 2012 ;11 ( 6):869 -875 . [Persian]
8. Hoseini Tabaghdehi M, Haji Kazemi E, Hoseini F. The relative frequency of sexual dysfunction and some related factors in the women referred to the health centers of Sari City (2006). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012;22(91):102-7
9. Nejat S. Quality of Life and its measurement. Journal of School of public Health & Institute of Public Health Research 2008; 2: 57-62 [Persian]
10. Lamyian M, Zarei F, Montazeri A, Hajizadeh E, Maasoumi R. [Exploring the factors affecting Iranian women’s quality of sexual life]. Hayat, Journal of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 22(2): 185-200. (Persian)
11. Daker–White G, Donovan J. Sexual satisfaction, quality of life and the transaction of intimacy in hospital patients' accounts of their (hetero) sexual relationships. Sociol Health Illn 2002; 24(1): 89-113. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.00005
12. Hisasue S, Kumamoto Y, Sato Y, Masumori N, Horita H, Kato R, et al. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction symptoms and its relationship to quality of life: a Japanese female cohort study. Urology 2005; 65(1): 143-148. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.08.003.
13. Nezal AJ, Fatemi Samii Rad, Mehri Kalhor, kobra hasanpour, Mahmood Alipour, Ali Montazeri. Sexual quality of life in pregnant women: A cross sectional study. Payesh. 2018; 17 (4) :421-429(Persian)
14. Kisa S, Zeyneloğlu S, Yilmaz D, Güner T. Quality of sexual life and its effect on marital adjustment of Turkish women in pregnancy. Journal Sex Marital There 2014; 40:309-22. doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2012.751071.
15. Samimi K, Mokarami HR, Tontab Haghighi S,Taban E, Yazdani Aval M, Maasoumi R. Assessment of affecting factors on women's sexual quality of life among hospital employees. Journal of GorganUniversity of Medical Sciences. 2016; 18(3): 128-34. (Persian)
16. Aduloju OP, Olaogun OD, Aduloju T. Quality of life in women of reproductive age: a comparative study of infertile and fertile women in a Nigerian tertiary Centre. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;18:1–5. ://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2017.1347916
17. Roshan Chesli R, Soleymani Z, Tahoora E, Mantashloo S, Hashemi A. Evaluate the psychometric properties of sexual quality of life questionnaire (SQOL-F). CPAP. 2019; 17(1): 213-24. (Persian)
18. Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, Leiblum S, Meston C, Shabsigh R, et al. The female sexual function index (FSFI): a multidimensional self‐report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex Marital Ther 2000;26(2):191‐208. doi: 10.1080/009262300278597.
19. Mohammadi K, Heidari M, Faqihzadeh S. (2008)." The validation of female sexual function index (FSFI) in the women": Persian Version. Payesh journal 7(2):270-278.(Persian)
20. Symonds T, Boolell M, Quirk F. Development of a questionnaire on sexual quality of life in women. J Sex Marital Ther. 2005 ; 31(5):385-97. doi: 10.1080/00926230591006502.
21. Maasoumi R, Lamyian M, Montazeri A, Azin SA, Aguilar- Vafaie ME, Hajizadeh E. The sexual quality of life-female (SQOL- F) questionnaire: translation and psychometric properties of the Iranian version. Reprod Health. 2013; 10:25. doi: 10.1186/ 1742-4755-10-25
22. Sezgin H, Hocaoglu C, Guvendag-Guven ES. Disability, psychiatric symptoms, and quality of life in infertile women: a cross-sectional study in Turkey. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2016;28(2):86–94. doi: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.216014
23. Ahmadian Chashemi N, Mirrezaie SM, Nouhi Sh, Khastar H. Evaluating the relationship between sleep disturbances and sexual quality of life among female shift working nurses. Journal of Knowledge & Health 2018;13(1):19-25(Persian)
24. Kingsberg SA. The impact of aging on sexual function in women and their partners. Arch Sex Behav and sexual function in menopausal age; a population based cross‐sectional study. Iran J Reprod Med. 2013;11(8):631‐6.
25. Aslan E, Beji NK, Gungor I, Kadioglu A, Dikencik BK. Prevalence and risk factors for low sexual function in women: a study of 1,009 women in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Istanbul. J Sex Med. 2008; 5(9):2044-52. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00873.x PMID: 18564155
26. Sahebalzamani M, Mostaedi Z, Farahani H, Sokhanvar M. Relationship between health literacy and sexual function and sexual satisfaction in infertile couples referred to the Royan Institute. Int J Fertil Steril. 2018; 12(2): 136-141. doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5185
27. Karamidehkordi A, Roudsari RL. Body image and its relationship with sexual function and marital adjustment in infertile women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2014; 19(7 -1): S51-58
28. Beigi M, Fahami F, Hassan-Zahraei R, Arman S. [Sexual dysfunction in menopause]. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2008; 26: 294-300 [Persian]
29. Shahraki Z, Tanha FD, Ghajarzadeh M. Depression, sexual dysfunction and sexual quality of life in women with infertility. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Jun 14;18(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0584-2. PMID: 29898709; PMCID: PMC6001164.
30. Kim JS, Kang S. A Study on Body Image, Sexual Quality of Life, Depression, and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Adults. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2015; 9(2): 96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2014.12.001.
31. Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek Afzali H, Abedini M. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors: a population based study. Payesh 2012; 11(6): 869-75. (Persian)
32. Mirzaei H, Aghayari T, Katebi M. A Study on Life Quality among Married Women in Family Institution. Sociology of Social Institutions 2014; 1(3): 71-93. (Persian)
33. Santelli John S , Abma Joyce , Ventura Stephanie, Lindberg Laura, Morrow Brian, John Anderson and etch. Can changes in sexual behaviors among high school students explain the decline in teen pregnancy rates in the 1990s? Journal of Adolescent Health 2005: 35; 80-90
34. Nazarpour S, Simbar M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Alavi Majd H. Relationship between Sexual Function and Quality of Life in Post-menopausal Women. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2016; 26 (143) :90-98(Persian)
35. Chedraui P, San Miguel G, Avila C. Quality of life impairment during the female menopausal transition is related to personal and partner factors. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009; 25(2): 130-135. doi: 10.1080/09513590802617770.
36. Nappi RE, Lachowsky M. Menopause and sexuality: prevalence of symptoms and impact on quality of life. Maturitas 2009; 63(2): 138-141. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.03.021
37. Nicolosi A, Laumann EO, Glasser DB, Moreira ED Jr, Paik A, Gingell C, et al. Sexual behavior and sexual dysfunctions after age 40: the global study of sexual attitudes and behaviors. Urology 2004; 64(5): 991-997. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.06.055.
38. Ambler DR, Bieber EJ, Diamond MP. Sexual function in elderly women: a review of current literature. Rev Obstet Gynecol 2012; 5(1): 16-27. PMCID: PMC3349920
1. Nezal AJ , Samii Rad F , Kalhor M , hasanpour K , Alipour M , Montazeri A. Sexual quality of life in pregnant women: A cross sectional study. Journal of the Iranian Institute for Health Sciences Research 2019؛ 17(4):421-429.(Persian)
2. Setoudeh S, Motaghi M, Mosavi M. Survey of sexual satisfaction in women referred to public health centers of Mashhad in 2017. Journal of sabzevar university of medical sciences 2019 ؛ 26(1) :73 -80. .(Persian)
3. Birnbaum GE. Attachment orientations, sexual functioning, and relationship satisfaction in a community sample of women. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 2007;24(1):21-35. DOI: 10.1177/0265407507072576.
4. Ahmadnia E, Haseli A, Karamat A. Therapeutic Interventions Conducted on Improving Women’s Sexual Satisfaction and Function during Reproductive Ages in Iran: A Systematic Review. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2017; 27 (153) :146-162.(Persian)
5. Masoumi S.Z, Alavipour N, Parsa P, Kazemi F. Demographic Factors Affecting Sexual Dysfunction in Postmenopausal Women. Iran Journal of Education and Community Health. 2020; 7(1): 5-12 (Persian)
6. Hajnasiri H, Aslanbeygi N, Moafi F, Mafi M, Bajalan Z. Investigating the Relationship between Sexual Function and Mental Health in Pregnant Females. IJPN. 2018; 6 (2) :33-40. [Persian]
7. Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek -afzali H, Abedini M. Sexual dysfunction and its influencing factors: population -based study among women living in urban areas in four provinces. Payesh 2012 ;11 ( 6):869 -875 . [Persian]
8. Hoseini Tabaghdehi M, Haji Kazemi E, Hoseini F. The relative frequency of sexual dysfunction and some related factors in the women referred to the health centers of Sari City (2006). J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2012;22(91):102-7
9. Nejat S. Quality of Life and its measurement. Journal of School of public Health & Institute of Public Health Research 2008; 2: 57-62 [Persian]
10. Lamyian M, Zarei F, Montazeri A, Hajizadeh E, Maasoumi R. [Exploring the factors affecting Iranian women’s quality of sexual life]. Hayat, Journal of School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 22(2): 185-200. (Persian)
11. Daker–White G, Donovan J. Sexual satisfaction, quality of life and the transaction of intimacy in hospital patients' accounts of their (hetero) sexual relationships. Sociol Health Illn 2002; 24(1): 89-113. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9566.00005
12. Hisasue S, Kumamoto Y, Sato Y, Masumori N, Horita H, Kato R, et al. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction symptoms and its relationship to quality of life: a Japanese female cohort study. Urology 2005; 65(1): 143-148. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.08.003.
13. Nezal AJ, Fatemi Samii Rad, Mehri Kalhor, kobra hasanpour, Mahmood Alipour, Ali Montazeri. Sexual quality of life in pregnant women: A cross sectional study. Payesh. 2018; 17 (4) :421-429(Persian)
14. Kisa S, Zeyneloğlu S, Yilmaz D, Güner T. Quality of sexual life and its effect on marital adjustment of Turkish women in pregnancy. Journal Sex Marital There 2014; 40:309-22. doi: 10.1080/0092623X.2012.751071.
15. Samimi K, Mokarami HR, Tontab Haghighi S,Taban E, Yazdani Aval M, Maasoumi R. Assessment of affecting factors on women's sexual quality of life among hospital employees. Journal of GorganUniversity of Medical Sciences. 2016; 18(3): 128-34. (Persian)
16. Aduloju OP, Olaogun OD, Aduloju T. Quality of life in women of reproductive age: a comparative study of infertile and fertile women in a Nigerian tertiary Centre. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;18:1–5. ://doi.org/10.1080/01443615.2017.1347916
17. Roshan Chesli R, Soleymani Z, Tahoora E, Mantashloo S, Hashemi A. Evaluate the psychometric properties of sexual quality of life questionnaire (SQOL-F). CPAP. 2019; 17(1): 213-24. (Persian)
18. Rosen R, Brown C, Heiman J, Leiblum S, Meston C, Shabsigh R, et al. The female sexual function index (FSFI): a multidimensional self‐report instrument for the assessment of female sexual function. J Sex Marital Ther 2000;26(2):191‐208. doi: 10.1080/009262300278597.
19. Mohammadi K, Heidari M, Faqihzadeh S. (2008)." The validation of female sexual function index (FSFI) in the women": Persian Version. Payesh journal 7(2):270-278.(Persian)
20. Symonds T, Boolell M, Quirk F. Development of a questionnaire on sexual quality of life in women. J Sex Marital Ther. 2005 ; 31(5):385-97. doi: 10.1080/00926230591006502.
21. Maasoumi R, Lamyian M, Montazeri A, Azin SA, Aguilar- Vafaie ME, Hajizadeh E. The sexual quality of life-female (SQOL- F) questionnaire: translation and psychometric properties of the Iranian version. Reprod Health. 2013; 10:25. doi: 10.1186/ 1742-4755-10-25
22. Sezgin H, Hocaoglu C, Guvendag-Guven ES. Disability, psychiatric symptoms, and quality of life in infertile women: a cross-sectional study in Turkey. Shanghai Arch Psychiatry. 2016;28(2):86–94. doi: 10.11919/j.issn.1002-0829.216014
23. Ahmadian Chashemi N, Mirrezaie SM, Nouhi Sh, Khastar H. Evaluating the relationship between sleep disturbances and sexual quality of life among female shift working nurses. Journal of Knowledge & Health 2018;13(1):19-25(Persian)
24. Kingsberg SA. The impact of aging on sexual function in women and their partners. Arch Sex Behav and sexual function in menopausal age; a population based cross‐sectional study. Iran J Reprod Med. 2013;11(8):631‐6.
25. Aslan E, Beji NK, Gungor I, Kadioglu A, Dikencik BK. Prevalence and risk factors for low sexual function in women: a study of 1,009 women in an outpatient clinic of a university hospital in Istanbul. J Sex Med. 2008; 5(9):2044-52. DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00873.x PMID: 18564155
26. Sahebalzamani M, Mostaedi Z, Farahani H, Sokhanvar M. Relationship between health literacy and sexual function and sexual satisfaction in infertile couples referred to the Royan Institute. Int J Fertil Steril. 2018; 12(2): 136-141. doi: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.5185
27. Karamidehkordi A, Roudsari RL. Body image and its relationship with sexual function and marital adjustment in infertile women. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2014; 19(7 -1): S51-58
28. Beigi M, Fahami F, Hassan-Zahraei R, Arman S. [Sexual dysfunction in menopause]. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2008; 26: 294-300 [Persian]
29. Shahraki Z, Tanha FD, Ghajarzadeh M. Depression, sexual dysfunction and sexual quality of life in women with infertility. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Jun 14;18(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s12905-018-0584-2. PMID: 29898709; PMCID: PMC6001164.
30. Kim JS, Kang S. A Study on Body Image, Sexual Quality of Life, Depression, and Quality of Life in Middle-aged Adults. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2015; 9(2): 96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2014.12.001.
31. Ramezani Tehrani F, Farahmand M, Mehrabi Y, Malek Afzali H, Abedini M. Prevalence of female sexual dysfunction and its correlated factors: a population based study. Payesh 2012; 11(6): 869-75. (Persian)
32. Mirzaei H, Aghayari T, Katebi M. A Study on Life Quality among Married Women in Family Institution. Sociology of Social Institutions 2014; 1(3): 71-93. (Persian)
33. Santelli John S , Abma Joyce , Ventura Stephanie, Lindberg Laura, Morrow Brian, John Anderson and etch. Can changes in sexual behaviors among high school students explain the decline in teen pregnancy rates in the 1990s? Journal of Adolescent Health 2005: 35; 80-90
34. Nazarpour S, Simbar M, Ramezani Tehrani F, Alavi Majd H. Relationship between Sexual Function and Quality of Life in Post-menopausal Women. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2016; 26 (143) :90-98(Persian)
35. Chedraui P, San Miguel G, Avila C. Quality of life impairment during the female menopausal transition is related to personal and partner factors. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009; 25(2): 130-135. doi: 10.1080/09513590802617770.
36. Nappi RE, Lachowsky M. Menopause and sexuality: prevalence of symptoms and impact on quality of life. Maturitas 2009; 63(2): 138-141. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.03.021
37. Nicolosi A, Laumann EO, Glasser DB, Moreira ED Jr, Paik A, Gingell C, et al. Sexual behavior and sexual dysfunctions after age 40: the global study of sexual attitudes and behaviors. Urology 2004; 64(5): 991-997. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2004.06.055.
38. Ambler DR, Bieber EJ, Diamond MP. Sexual function in elderly women: a review of current literature. Rev Obstet Gynecol 2012; 5(1): 16-27. PMCID: PMC3349920