Keywords
illness perception, medication Adherence, type II diabetes
Abstract
Introduction: One of the most well-known chronic diseases in the world is diabetes. Disease perception is the patient's organized cognitive representation of his or her illness and can affect treatment adherence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between illness perception and adherence to the medical regimen in patients with type II diabetes.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 260 patients with type II diabetes referred to Gonabad Diabetes Clinic by systematic random sampling in 2019. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, Morisky medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and Brief illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software. And using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The results showed that the mean score of illness perception of type II diabetes was 46.39 ± 9.45 (range 0-70) and the mean score of medication Adherence was 2.93 ± 1.9 (range 0-8). The results of Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between illness perception and medication Adherence (P <0.001, r = 0.199). Also, the regression model showed that the dimensions of disease comprehension and personal control from illness perception were significantly related to medication Adherence of type II diabetic patients (P <0.001).
Conclusion: By measuring the level of illness perception, the degree of medication Adherence can be predicted. Therefore, strengthening the illness perception in order to medication Adherence seems to be an important therapeutic strategy in educational interventions.
References
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24. Christensen AJ, Moran PJ. Psychological aspects offend-stage renal disease. In: Bellack A, editor. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology. New York: Pergamon; 2008. p. 321-38.
25. Soundy A, Muhamed A, Stubbs B, Probst M, Vancampfort D. The benefits of walking for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Int J Ther Rehabil. 2014; 21(9):410-20. DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2014.21.9.410.
26. Mohammad Pour A, Dehgan Naieri N. The survey of the patient educational need on discharge phase in Gonabad health and treatment centers. Horiz Med Sci. 2007; 12(4):34-9.
27. Ross S, Walker A, MacLeod MJ. Patient compliance in hypertension: role of illness perceptions and treatment beliefs. J Hum Hy- pertens. 2004; 18(9):607-13. DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001721 PMID: 15029218.
28. Rajpura J, Nayak R. Medication adherence in a sample of elderly suffering from hypertension: evaluating the influence of illness perceptions, treat- ment beliefs,and illness burden. J Manag Care Pharm. 2014; 20(1):58-65. DOI:10.18553/jmcp.2014.20.1.58 PMID: 24511766.
29. Taheri-Kharameh Z, Hazavehei S M M, Ramezani T, Vahedi A, Khoshro M, Sharififard F. The Assessment of Illness Perception and Adherence to Therapeutic Regimens among Patients with Hypertension. J Educ Community Health. 2016; 3 (2):9-15 URL: http://jech.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-219-fa.html.
30. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku FT, Danquah S. Locus of control and anti-hypertensive medication adherence in Ghana. Pan Afr Med J. 2014; 17 suppl 1:13. DOI: 10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.17.1.3433 PMID: 24624246.
31. Payne J, Bettman J, Luce M. Behavioral decision making research: An overview. Meas Jung Dec Making. 2010; 30:1-45.
32. Johnson SL, Turner RJ, Iwata N. BIS / BAS levels and psychiatric disorder: An epidemiological study. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2003; 25(1):25-36. DOI: 10.1023/a:1022247919288.
2. Samini M, Shafarood H, Sehat V, Allahdini S. Self-therapy and culture of drug use. Razi Drug Journal 2005; 9(1): 37-47.
3. Shamsi M, Bayati A. A survey of the Prevalence of Self-medication and the Factors Affecting it in Pregnant Mothers Referring to Health Centers in Arak city, 2009. Journal of Jahrom Medical School 2010; 7(3): 34-41.
4. World Health Organization. The world drug situation, Geneva: World Health Organization 1988; 110-120. 8Dormandy JA, Charbonnel B, Eckland DJ, Erdmann E, Massi-Benedetti M, Moules IK 1et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspective pioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2005; 366(9493):1279-89.
5. Maddah M. Association of Parental Diabetes with Overweight in Iranian Children and Adolescents. International Journal of Cardiology. 2008; 12(5): 1-3. Shabani A. Review in system drug in Iran. Razi Drug Journal 2003; 5: 60-62.
6. Ziayee T. The survey of self-medication in woman with pregnancy in Tehran. Scientific journal of university nurse and midwife shahid beheshty 2008; 8(2): 35-42.
7. Sepehri GH, HajAkbari N, Musavi A. Study indexes of general practitioners prescriptions in Kerman province 2003. Journal of Babol University of Medical Science 2005; 7(4): 76- 82.
8. Sawalha AF. A descriptive study of self- medication practices among Palestinian medical and nonmedical university students. Research in Social administrative Pharm 2008; 4(2): 164-172.
9. Shojaiizadeh D. Health behavior models. Edi 1, Tehran, Publisher Chehr 2009; 20-29.
10. Hill CJ, Cardwell CR, Patterson CC, Maxwell AP, Magee GM, Young RJ, et al. Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes in the National Health Service: A Cross-sectional Survey of the U.K, National Diabetes Audit. Diabet Med. 2014; 31(4): 448-54.
11. Sabaté E. Adherence to long-term therapies: evidence for action: World Health Organization; 2003.
12. Takemura M, Mitsui K, Itotani R, Ishitoko M, Suzuki S, Matsumoto M, et al. Relationships between repeated instruction on inhalation therapy, medication adherence, and health status in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2011; 6:97-104.
13. Abbasi M, Salemi S, Fatemi N, Hosseini F. Hypertensive patients, their compliance level and its’ relation to their health beliefs. Iran J Nurs. 2005; 18(41):61-8.
14. Leventhal H, Meyer D, Nerenz D. The common sense representation of illness danger. In: Rachman S, editor. Medical psychology. New York: Pergamon Press; 1980. p. 7-30.
15. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Main J, Weinman J. The brief illness perception questionnaire. J Psychosom Res. 2006; 60(6):631-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.10.020 PMID: 16731240.
16. Rajpura J, Nayak R. Medication adherence in a sample of elderly suffering from hypertension: evaluating the influence of illness perceptions, treat- ment beliefs, and illness burden. J Manag Care Pharm. 2014; 20(1):58-65. DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2014.20.1.58 PMID: 24511766.
17. Chen SL, Tsai JC, Lee WL. The impact of illness perception on adherence to therapeutic regimens of patients with hypertension in Taiwan. J Clin Nurs. 2009; 18(15):2234-44. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365- 2702.2008.02706.x PMID: 19583655.
18. Chen SL, Tsai JC, Chou KR. Illness perceptions and adherence to therapeutic regimens among patients with hypertension: a structural modeling approach. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011; 48(2):235-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.07.005 PMID: 20678768
19. Doust Mohammadi S, Norouzi K, Dalvandi A, Norouzi M. The Level of Illness Perception and its Relationship with Adherence to the Medical Regimen in the Elderly with Hypertension. IJRN. 2018; 4 (3):40-46.
20. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Main J, Weinman J. The brief illness perception questionnaire. J Psychosom Res. 2006; 60(6):631-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.10.020 PMID: 16731240.
21. Shoorvazi.M, Kooshyar.H, Dalir.Z, Hosseini.M. Health Literacy and its Relationship with Medical Adherence and Health-Related Quality of Life in Diabetic Community Residing Elderly. J Mazand Univ Med Sci 2014; 24(Supple 1): 134-143.
22. Angell B. Measuring strategies used by mental health providers to encourage medication adherence. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2006; 33(1):53-72. DOI: 10.1007/ s11414-005-9000-4 PMID: 16636908.
23. Taheri-Kharameh Z, Hazavehei S M M, Ramezani T, Vahedi A, Khoshro M, Sharififard F. The Assessment of Illness Perception and Adherence to Therapeutic Regimens among Patients with Hypertension. J Educ Community Health. 2016; 3 (2):9-15URL: http://jech.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-219-fa.html.
24. Christensen AJ, Moran PJ. Psychological aspects offend-stage renal disease. In: Bellack A, editor. Comprehensive Clinical Psychology. New York: Pergamon; 2008. p. 321-38.
25. Soundy A, Muhamed A, Stubbs B, Probst M, Vancampfort D. The benefits of walking for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review. Int J Ther Rehabil. 2014; 21(9):410-20. DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2014.21.9.410.
26. Mohammad Pour A, Dehgan Naieri N. The survey of the patient educational need on discharge phase in Gonabad health and treatment centers. Horiz Med Sci. 2007; 12(4):34-9.
27. Ross S, Walker A, MacLeod MJ. Patient compliance in hypertension: role of illness perceptions and treatment beliefs. J Hum Hy- pertens. 2004; 18(9):607-13. DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001721 PMID: 15029218.
28. Rajpura J, Nayak R. Medication adherence in a sample of elderly suffering from hypertension: evaluating the influence of illness perceptions, treat- ment beliefs,and illness burden. J Manag Care Pharm. 2014; 20(1):58-65. DOI:10.18553/jmcp.2014.20.1.58 PMID: 24511766.
29. Taheri-Kharameh Z, Hazavehei S M M, Ramezani T, Vahedi A, Khoshro M, Sharififard F. The Assessment of Illness Perception and Adherence to Therapeutic Regimens among Patients with Hypertension. J Educ Community Health. 2016; 3 (2):9-15 URL: http://jech.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-219-fa.html.
30. Kretchy IA, Owusu-Daaku FT, Danquah S. Locus of control and anti-hypertensive medication adherence in Ghana. Pan Afr Med J. 2014; 17 suppl 1:13. DOI: 10.11694/pamj.supp.2014.17.1.3433 PMID: 24624246.
31. Payne J, Bettman J, Luce M. Behavioral decision making research: An overview. Meas Jung Dec Making. 2010; 30:1-45.
32. Johnson SL, Turner RJ, Iwata N. BIS / BAS levels and psychiatric disorder: An epidemiological study. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2003; 25(1):25-36. DOI: 10.1023/a:1022247919288.