Temporal trends of Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial use in 2011-2013, observed with annual Point Prevalence Surveys in Ferrara University Hospital, Italy
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Keywords

Healthcare-associated infections
Antimicrobial use
Point prevalence surveys

Abstract

Introduction. Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) and misuse of antimicrobials (AMs) represent a growing public health problem. The Point Prevalence Surveys (PPSs) find information available to be used for specific targeted interventions and evaluate their effects.

Objective of study is to estimate the prevalence of HAIs and AM use, to describe types of infections, causative pathogens and to compare data collected through three PPSs in Ferrara University Hospital (FUH), repeated in 3 different years (2011-2013).

Population-based sample consists of all patients admitted to every acute care and rehabilitation Department of the FUH, in a single day.

Methods. ECDC Protocol and Form for PPS of HAI and AM use, Version 4.2, July 2011. Risk factors analysis was performed using logistic regression.

Results. 1,239 patients were observed. Overall, HAI prevalence was 9.6%; prevalence was higher in Intensive Care Units; urinary tract infections were the most common HAIs in all 3 surveys; E.coli was the most common pathogen; AM use prevalence was 51.1%; surgical prophylaxis was prescribed for more than 1 day; AMs most frequently administered were fluoroquinolones, combinations of penicillins, third-generation cephalosporins. According to the regression model, urinary catheter (OR: 2.5) and invasive respiratory device (OR: 2.3) are significantly associated risk factors for HAIs (p<0.05).

Conclusions. PPSs is sensitive and effective method of analysis.Yearly repetition is a useful way to maintain focus on the topic of HAIs and AM use, highlighting how changes in practices impact on the outcome of care and providing useful information to implement intervention programs targeted on specific issues.
https://doi.org/10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2016.57.3.620
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