Identification of Community Vaccine Hesitancy in a Provincial Center: A Descriptive-Cross-Sectional Study: Vaccine Hesitancy

Abstract

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has become one of the ten global health challenges to be addressed, given its increasing global prevalence Aim: This study aimed to identify community vaccine hesitancy and the factors influencing vaccine hesitancy in a provincial center. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted with 215 adults seeking care at a family health center for any reason. The data collection instruments included the Descriptive Characteristics Questionnaire and the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale. Determinants of vaccine hesitancy were examined through multiple regression analysis (enter model). The STROBE (cross-sectional research model) guidelines were employed for reporting research data. Results: Among participants, 35.3% had a bachelor's degree or higher, 62.3% were employed, and 76.7% had children. 71.2% of the participants had not received education about vaccines, with only 45.6% considering all vaccines necessary and beneficial. Additionally, 16.2% of the participants with children were identified as having under-vaccinated children. Belief in the necessity and benefits of all vaccines (β=-0.245, 95% CI: -4.715 to -1.453), belief in making vaccination mandatory (β=-0.137, 95% CI: -4.873 to -0.083), receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (β=-0.169, 95% CI: -5.925 to -0.947), and receiving the flu vaccine (β=-0.158, 95% CI: -3.828 to -0.429) were determined to be protective against vaccine hesitancy. These variables explained 24.3% of vaccine hesitancy. Conclusion:The assessment revealed that the community exhibited moderate vaccine hesitancy and did not perceive all vaccines as necessary and beneficial. Considering the impact of vaccines on preventing infectious diseases, reducing disabilities, and preventing deaths, it is recommended to provide information on vaccines.