Keywords
ICIQ
Treatment seeking behavior
quality of life
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary incontinence (UI), a discomforting condition is predominantly seen in women. Affected women must modify their lifestyles to alleviate symptoms and associated complications. Objectives: To find the prevalence, determinants, and association of UI with Socio-demographic, obstetrical, gynecological, and personal history and its impact on quality of life. Methods: Research was conducted with a mixed method approach (quantitative and qualitative assessment) among women residing in urban slum of Ahmedabad city, India. Sample size calculated was 457. The study was conducted in urban slums served by one of the Urban Health Centres (UHC) of Ahmedabad city. A modified pre-evaluated standard questionnaire developed by International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) was used for quantitative part. Qualitative part consisted of Focused Group Discussions (FGD) which was carried out amongst the women in batches of 5-7 per discussion. Results: Prevalence of UI was found to be 30% among study participants. A statistically significant relation was seen between the presence of UI and Age, Marital Status, Parity, past history of abortion, and occurrence of Urinary Tract Infection(UTI) in the last year (P<0.05). Comparison of severity of UI by calculating ICIQ score showed statistically significant relation of same with Age, Occupation, Literacy, Socioeconomic status, and Parity (P<0.05). More than 50% of women suffering from UI were having chronic constipation, reduced daily sleep, and diabetes. Only 7% of the total women suffering from UI had consulted doctor for their problem. Conclusion: Prevalence of UI was found to be 30% in study participants. Sociodemographic factors like age, marital status, and socio-economic class were found to have statistically significant effects on existing UI at the time of interview. ICIQ categories of UI were found to be influenced statistically by age, occupation, literacy, socio-economic class parity and obstetric factors like place of delivery and facilitator of delivery. Most participants (93%) had never consulted a doctor for various reasons/myths like it shall resolve on its own, Belief that it is a normal age-related phenomenon, shyness to discuss issues with male doctors/members of family, and financial reasons.
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